Tuscany Climate Patterns

Tuscany spans three fairly different climates. The coast around Livorno and Grosseto is Mediterranean and moderated by the sea, with mild winters and summer heat softened by an afternoon breeze. The interior hills are more continental, with colder nights year-round and hot, dry summers. The Apennines and Apuan Alps have a genuine mountain winter, with reliable snow at Abetone.

Florence deserves separate mention. The city lies in a basin enclosed by hills, which limits air circulation: July and August highs above 35°C are normal and heatwaves push higher, while January nights fall to freezing more often than the region's Mediterranean reputation implies.

Rainfall is concentrated in autumn, with October and November the wettest months and the period when the Arno and its tributaries have historically flooded. Summer is dry enough that wildfire risk in the Maremma and the Chianti hills is a real seasonal concern.